La minificción hispanoamericana de vanguardia en el aula

Máster Univ. en Formación del Profes. en E.S.O., Bachillerato, F.P. y E.Ii

Satisfaction of patients with mechanical neck disorders attended to by primary care physical therapists

8 p.Objective: To describe the satisfaction and expectations of the patients with neck pain with relation to the physical therapy received and to analyse the relationship between the patient's characteristics and his degree of satisfaction and expectation. Design: This study is performed in the setting of a random clinical trial. Participants: Subjects between 18 and 60 years of age with subacute mechanical neck disorders. Main variables: Patient's expectations and satisfaction with the received treatment (scale similar to Likert's Scale). OTHER VARIABLES: Pain intensity, episodes of previous neck pain, depression and anxiety symptoms (Goldberg Scale), age and gender, physical disability, general state of health, duration of the present episode of neck pain, regular exercise and regular consumption of medicines. Results and conclusions: A total of 90 patients were studied. The mean age was 40.1 years and 88.9% were female. Thirteen per cent of the subjects expected partial relief, 60% expected good recovery and 27% expected complete recovery. Those patients who have not suffered previous episodes of neck pain and those who have a higher score on the Goldberg Scale have a higher expectation of recovering after the treatment. About patients' satisfaction after the intervention, 2% totally unsatisfied, 1% very unsatisfied, 2% somewhat unsatisfied, 2% indifferent, 17% somewhat satisfied, 42% very satisfied and 30% totally satisfied. Those patients who experienced a greater decrease in pain were more satisfied. It would be interesting to study in depth the measurement of patients' satisfaction with the received physical therapy and to extend it to other pathologies.Fondo de Investigación Sanitari

La empleabilidad e inserción en el mercado de trabajo de los graduados universitarios en el área de Ciencias y Ciencias de la Salud. Hacia una nueva orientación universitaria en la reutilización de datos del sector público (Open Government Data)

Memoria ID-0165. Ayudas de la Universidad de Salamanca para la innovación docente, curso 2015-2016

Radiographic and histopathological study of gastrointestinal dysmotility in lipopolysaccharide-induced sepsis in the rat

AbstractSepsis is a highly incident condition in which a cascade of proinflammatory cytokines is involved. One of its most frequent consequences is ileus, which can increase mortality. Animal models such as that induced by systemic administration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) are useful to deeply evaluate this condition. The effects of sepsis on the gastrointestinal (GI) tract have been explored but, to our knowledge, in vivo studies showing the motor and histopathological consequences of endotoxemia in an integrated way are lacking. Our aim was to study in rats the effects of sepsis on GI motility, using radiographic methods, and to assess histological damage in several organs.MethodsMale rats were intraperitoneally injected with saline or E. coli LPS at 0.1, 1, or 5 mg kg−1. Barium sulfate was intragastrically administered, and X‐rays were performed 0–24 h afterwards. Several organs were collected for organography, histopathology, and immunohistochemistry studies.Key ResultsAll LPS doses caused gastroparesia, whereas changes in intestinal motility were dose‐and time‐dependent, with an initial phase of hypermotility followed by paralytic ileus. Lung, liver, stomach, ileum, and colon (but not spleen or kidneys) were damaged, and density of neutrophils and activated M2 macrophages and expression of cyclooxygenase 2 were increased in the colon 24 h after LPS 5 mg kg−1.Conclusions and InferencesUsing radiographic, noninvasive methods for the first time, we show that systemic LPS causes dose‐, time‐, and organ‐dependent GI motor effects. Sepsis‐induced GI dysmotility is a complex condition whose management needs to take its time‐dependent changes into account

Sol-Gel Glass Coating Synthesis for Different Applications: Active Gradient-Index Materials, Microlens Arrays and Biocompatible Channels

The intent of this chapter is to review the use of sol-gel processing of silica and silica-titania optical coatings in recent research by the authors in three different areas: the synthesis of active gradient-index (GRIN) materials by multilayer deposition of erbium- and ytterbium-doped silica-titania films, the improvement of the optical and morphological qualities of microlens arrays fabricated by laser ablation and the functionalization of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) channel preclinical devices. Through the use of sol-gel, layers with specific properties can be produced. In this regard, undoped and erbium- and ytterbium-doped SiO2-TiO2 films have been produced and characterized using atomic force microscopy (surface topography evaluation) and spectral ellipsometry (determination of optical constants, thickness and porosity of the films). In a second application, a silica sol has been synthesized to coat microlens arrays fabricated by laser ablation. The deposited layer reduces the surface roughness of the microlens array, which yields the improvement of the contrast and the homogeneity of the foci. Finally, PDMS channels fabricated with laser technologies and soft-lithography methods are coated with a sol-gel-derived silica film to avoid the degradation of the material with organic solvents, and their biocompatibility is studied

Hacia una nueva orientación universitaria: la empleabilidad e inserción en el mercado de trabajo de los graduados universitarios

Memoria ID-0298. Ayudas de la Universidad de Salamanca para la innovación docente, curso 2014-2015

Analysis of Patient Safety Incidents in Primary Care Reported in an Electronic Registry Application

Incident notification; Patient safety; Risk managementNotificació d'incident; Seguretat dels pacients; Gestió de riscNotificación de incidentes: Seguridad del paciente; Gestión de riesgoObjectives: (1) To describe the epidemiology of patient safety (PS) incidents registered in an electronic notification system in primary care (PC) health centres; (2) to define a risk map; and (3) to identify the critical areas where intervention is needed. Design: Descriptive analytical study of incidents reported from 1 January to 31 December 2018, on the TPSC Cloud™ platform (The Patient Safety Company) accessible from the corporate website (Intranet) of the regional public health service. Setting: 24 Catalan Institute of Health PC health centres of the Tarragona region (Spain). Participants: Professionals from the PC health centres and a Patient Safety Functional Unit. Measurements: Data obtained from records voluntarily submitted to an electronic, standardised and anonymised form. Data recorded: healthcare unit, notifier, type of incident, risk matrix, causal and contributing factors, preventability, level of resolution and improvement actions. Results: A total of 1544 reports were reviewed and 1129 PS incidents were analysed: 25.0% of incidents did not reach the patient; 66.5% reached the patient without causing harm, and 8.5% caused adverse events. Nurses provided half of the reports (48.5%), while doctors reported more adverse events (70.8%; p < 0.01). Of the 96 adverse events, 46.9% only required observation, 34.4% caused temporary damage that required treatment, 13.5% required (or prolonged) hospitalization, and 5.2% caused severe permanent damage and/or a situation close to death. Notably, 99.2% were considered preventable. The main critical areas were: communication (27.8%), clinical-administrative management (25.1%), care delivery (23.5%) and medicines (18.4%); few incidents were related to diagnosis (3.6%). Conclusions: PS incident notification applications are adequate for reporting incidents and adverse events associated with healthcare. Approximately 75% and 10% of incidents reach the patient and cause some damage, respectively, and most cases are considered preventable. Adequate and strengthened risk management of critical areas is required to improve PS

Experiencias de innovación educativa

La creación de un Laboratorio de Innovación Pedagógica es una apuesta que deben implementar todas las instituciones de educación superior para-desarrollar diversas estrategias pedagógicas que emplean herramientas didácticas que permitan a los estudiantes tener experiencias significativas en su proceso de aprendizaje. El laboratorio facilita la integración de las necesidades académicas con, el desarrollo de diversos softwares educativos.Este libro de experiencias de innovación educativa presenta el proceso en cada uno de los proyectos o estrategias de aprendizaje trabajados en el Laboratorio de Innovación Pedagógica Educación, Virtual - LIPEV que da como resultado la construcción, de cinco simuladores (Prospectiva, Diagnóstico empresarial, Análisis financiero, Evaluación de proyectos y Mercado de capitales) y un video juego (Juego gerencial de Balanced Scorecard. De cada proyecto se presenta como fue el diseño pedagógico, la estrategia de, aprendizaje empleada, el modelo de simulación que se utilizó, una explicación del diseño gráfico y la programación

Long-term precipitation in Southwestern Europe reveals no clear trend attributable to anthropogenic forcing

We present a long-term assessment of precipitation trends in Southwestern Europe (1850-2018) using data from multiple sources, including observations, gridded datasets and global climate model experiments. Contrary to previous investigations based on shorter records, we demonstrate, using new long-term, quality controlled precipitation series, the lack of statistically significant long-term decreasing trends in precipitation for the region. Rather, significant trends were mostly found for shorter periods, highlighting the prevalence of interdecadal and interannual variability at these time-scales. Global climate model outputs from three CMIP experiments are evaluated for periods concurrent with observations. Both the CMIP3 and CMIP5 ensembles show precipitation decline, with only CMIP6 showing agreement with long term trends in observations. However, for both CMIP3 and CMIP5 large interannual and internal variability among ensemble members makes it difficult to identify a trend that is statistically different from observations. Across both observations and models, our results make it difficult to associate any declining trends in precipitation in Southwestern Europe to anthropogenic forcing at this stage.This work was supported by the research projects CGL2017-82216-R, CGL2017-83866-C3-3-R and PCI2019-103631, financed by the Spanish Commission of Science and Technology and FEDER; CROSSDRO project financed by the AXIS (Assessment of Cross(X) - sectoral climate Impacts and pathways for Sustainable transformation), JPI-Climate co-funded call of the European Commission and INDECIS which is part of ERA4CS, an ERA-NET initiated by JPI Climate, and funded by FORMAS (SE), DLR (DE), BMWFW (AT), IFD (DK), MINECO (ES), ANR (FR) with co-funding by the European Union (Grant 690462)